ASEAN Tourism Forum 2011

ASEAN Tourism Forum (ATF) is a cooperative regional effort to promote the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) region as one tourist destination. This annual event involves all the tourism industry sectors of the 10 member nations of ASEAN: Brunei Darussalam, Cambodia, Indonesia, Lao PDR, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand and Vietnam.

Each year, the hosting of ATF is rotated among the member countries. ATF 2011 marks the 30th anniversary of this event since its inauguration in Malaysia in 1981. Cambodia will host ATF 2011 and is all geared up to welcome over 1,600 delegates which includes 400 international buyers and 100 international media.

CAMBODIA

The Kingdom of Cambodia is characterised by rich Indochine history filled with abundant heritage, warm and friendly people; a culture that is both intriguing and endearing.

Home to the magnificent Angkor temple complex and graced with colonial charm, Cambodia is mystifyingly beautiful. The 12th century Angkor complex is an archaeological gem of Asia that is universally recognized as one of the seven wonders of the world. With 200 monuments spread over an area of 400sq km, the Angkor truly represents Khmer art, great civilization, spirituality and national identity. Situated close to the Angkor complex is the provincial town of Siem Reap. Siem Reap has long been the gateway to the Angkor ruins and offers a wide range of hotels, restaurants and nightspots, as the Tonle Sap Lake nearby beckons with riverine activities.

2011's host city is a place once known as the "Pearl of Asia" - Phnom Penh. Its riches lie in its architecture infused with a unique flavour of French and Khmer traditions, with touches of the present age - bistros, boutique hotels, modern art galleries - dotting its bustling streets. An eclectic city of both history and modernity at the same time, it now stands proud as the commercial and political heart of the kingdom.

Embracing tourism as one of its key industries as national development intensifies, a prosperous future lies ahead for Cambodia and its people.

Discover the many charms of Cambodia

Equally fascinating is the UNESCO-designated World Heritage Site, the 9th - 12th century Preah Vihear Temple that rests on the edge of an enormous cliff 625 meters above sea level.

One will also be mesmerised by the Mekong River flowing north - south across Cambodia, which has adorned the sets of many international films.

Distinctively ubiquitous are the villages which is central to life in Cambodia. Be awed by traditional houses made from bamboo and other natural building materials. The construction of these houses is also steeped in tradition and beliefs, adding more character to the villages which already have defined territorial rights.

Cambodia also boasts a seaside paradise in the coastal city of SihanoukVille, 235km southwest of Phnom Penh.

Breathtakingly scenic and peaceful, it makes for a perfect getaway from the hustle and bustle of city life.

With its rich heritage and vast array of sights, it is no wonder Cambodia continues to be one of the fastest growing tourist destinations in Southeast Asia. It is indeed an ideal stage for ATF 2011- the region's foremost tourism and travel event.

FAST FACTS
Area Approximately 181,035 sq km
Capital Phnom Penh
Cities Siem Reap, SihanoukVille, Battambang, Kratie, Ratanakiri, Koh Kong, Kampong Thom and Preah Vihea.

Total population 13.7 million, of which 90% are Khmer, the rest Chinese, Vietnamese, Indian, Thai, Phorng, Kuoy, Stieng, Tamil, etc...

Religions Buddhism is the official religion with close to 90% of the population Buddhists. Others - Islam, Christianity and Hinduism.

Language Khmer is the official language but English and French are also spoken.

Currency Riel, in denominations of 50, 100, 200, 500, 1,000, 2,000, 5,000, 10,000, 20,000, 50,000 and 100,000. The US Dollar is widely accepted in Cambodia. Credit cards are accepted in major hotels, banks, shops and restaurants.

Climate The average temperature is between 27 - 28 degrees Celsius and varies in regions from 20 - 27 degree Celsius during the wet season and 28 - 35 degrees Celsius during the dry season. The coolest months of the year are December and January.

http://www.atfcambodia.com/

កំណត់ក្នុងប្រព័ន្ធ ៤,៥សេន ឆ្លងប្រព័ន្ធ ៥,៩៥សេន ក្នុង១នាទី

ប្រកាសអន្ដរក្រសួង ដែលចុះហត្ថលេខារួមគ្នាកាលពីថ្ងៃទី ៤ ធ្នូ ដោយ ឯកឧត្ដម គាត ឈន់ ឧបនាយករដ្ឋមន្ដ្រី រដ្ឋមន្ដ្រីក្រសួងសេដ្ឋកិច្ច និងហិរញ្ញវត្ថុ និងឯកឧត្ដម សូរ ឃុន រដ្ឋមន្ដ្រីក្រសួងប្រៃសណីយ៍និងទូរគមនាគមន៍ ស្ដីពីការកំណត់ថ្លៃអប្បបរមានៃសេវាទូរស័ព្ទចល័តអចល័តនិងថ្លៃជាប់បណ្ដាញបានកំណត់តម្លៃសេវាទូរស័ព្ទរួមមួយដែលអាចនឹងបញ្ចប់ជម្លោះលើសេវាតម្លៃទូរស័ព្ទចល័ត និងអចល័តរវាងបណ្ដាក្រុមហ៊ុនទូរស័ព្ទនៅក្នុងប្រទេសកម្ពុជា ។ ឯកឧត្ដម សូរ ឃុន រដ្ឋមន្ដ្រីក្រសួងប្រៃសណីយ៍ និងទូរគមនាគមន៍បានមានប្រសាសន៍នៅក្នុងសន្និសីទសារព័ត៌មាន នៅឯក្រសួងប្រៃសណីយ៍ថាតម្លៃសេវាទូរស័ព្ទចល័តហៅក្នុងបណ្ដាញតែមួយ ចំនួន៤,៥សេនដុល្លារអាមេរិកក្នុង១នាទី (ពុំទាន់គិតអាករលើតម្លៃបន្ថែមនិងអាករពិសេស)ចំណែកថ្លៃសេវាអប្បបរមាក្នុងការហៅឆ្លងកាត់បណ្ដាញចំនួន៥,៩៥សេនក្នុង១នាទី ហើយការគិតថ្លៃសេវាជាវិនាទីត្រូវជំនួសការគិតជានាទី ។ ឯកឧត្ដមរដ្ឋមន្ដ្រីបានមានប្រសាសន៍បន្ដថាប្រកាសអន្ដរក្រសួងនេះមិនមែនជាការដាក់ទណ្ឌកម្មដល់ក្រុមហ៊ុនទូរស័ព្ទណាមួយឡើយផ្ទុយទៅវិញវាជាដំណោះស្រាយមួយដើម្បីបញ្ចៀសកុំឱ្យមានជម្លោះរវាងក្រុមហ៊ុនទូរស័ព្ទព្រោះតាមរយៈការអនុវត្ដន៍ឱ្យមានការប្រកួតប្រជែងដោយសេរីក្នុងរយៈពេលមួយឆ្នាំចុងក្រោយនេះមានលេចចេញនូវបញ្ហាធំៗពីរ គឺ
ទី១-ការលំបាកក្នុងការតភ្ជាប់បណ្ដាញពីប្រតិបត្ដិករមួយទៅប្រតិបត្ដិករមួយ និងទី២-បញ្ហាថ្លៃសេវាទូរស័ព្ទ។
ដើម្បីដោះស្រាយបញ្ហានេះក្រសួងសេដ្ឋកិច្ចនិងហិរញ្ញវត្ថុនិងក្រសួងប្រៃសណីយ៍និងទូរគមនាគមន៍បានចេញសារាចរអន្ដរ ក្រសួងមួយស្ដីពី“វិធានការទប់ស្កាត់ភាពពុំស្មោះត្រង់នៃការប្រកួតប្រជែងក្នុងវិស័យទូរគមនាគមន៍ ។ បន្ថែមពីលើនេះទៀតក្រសួងប្រៃសណីយ៍ បានចេញប្រកាសមួយទៀតស្ដីពី“ការតភ្ជាប់បណ្ដាញទូរគមនាគមន៍“ ។ ជាមួយគ្នានោះរាជរដ្ឋាភិបាលក៏បានចេញបទបញ្ជាហាមប្រាមកុំឱ្យមានការ បិទខ្ទប់ការភ្ជាប់បណ្ដាញសេវាទូរស័ព្ទគ្នា ទៅវិញទៅមក ។ ឯកឧត្ដម សូរ ឃុន បានបញ្ជាក់ថា ទោះមានការចាត់វិធានការជាបន្ដបន្ទាប់ក៏ដោយ តែមិនអាចដោះស្រាយបញ្ហាបានឡើយ ។ ដូច្នេះដើម្បីដោះស្រាយបញ្ហាខាងលើក្រសួងប្រៃសណីយ៍និងទូរគមនាគមន៍ និងក្រសួងសេដ្ឋកិច្ចហិរញ្ញវត្ថុបានសិក្សានិងរៀបចំប្រកាសអន្ដរក្រសួងស្ដីពីការកំណត់ថ្លៃអប្បបរមានៃសេវាទូរស័ព្ទចល័ត អចល័ត និងថ្លៃតភ្ជាប់បណ្ដាញនេះឡើងដោយផ្អែកលើគោលដៅជាមូលដ្ឋានសំខាន់ៗ៤គឺ
១-ប្រកួតប្រជែងដោយស្មើភាពគ្នា
២-ផ្ដល់សេវាល្អនិងគុណភាពខ្ពស់ ។ ៣-តម្លៃថោកសមរម្យនិងបង្កើនចំណូលថវិកាជាតិ ។ ៤-ថ្លៃតភ្ជាប់បណ្ដាញនៅក្នុងប្រការ៥“ថ្លៃតភ្ជាប់បណ្ដាញ”នៃប្រកាសអន្ដរក្រសួងបានចែងថា សម្រាប់បណ្ដាញក្នុងប្រទេសជាមួយក្នុងប្រទេស គឺតភ្ជាប់ពីបណ្ដាញទូរស័ព្ទចល័តទៅបណ្ដាញទូរស័ព្ទអចល័ត ទាំងទៅទាំងមកត្រូវកំណត់ចំនួន២សេនដុល្លារអាមេរិកក្នុង១នាទី ។ ពីបណ្ដាញទូរស័ព្ទអចល័តទៅបណ្ដាញ ទូរស័ព្ទអចល័តតំបន់តែមួយ ឬឆ្លងតំបន់ហើយតំបន់ទាំងពីរនោះផ្សេងពីរាជធានីភ្នំពេញ ត្រូវកំណត់ចំនួន ១សេនដុល្លារអាមេរិកក្នុង១នាទី ។ ពីបណ្ដាញទូរស័ព្ទអចល័តនៅរាជធានីភ្នំពេញទៅបណ្ដាញទូរស័ព្ទអចល័ត នៅតំបន់ផ្សេងៗ គឺចំនួន២សេនដុល្លារអាមេរិកក្នុង១នាទី ហើយពីបណ្ដាញទូរស័ព្ទអចល័តទៅតំបន់ផ្សេងៗ ទៅបណ្ដាញទូរស័ព្ទអចល័តនៅរាជធានីភ្នំពេញត្រូវកំណត់ចំនួន១សេនដុល្លារក្នុង១នាទី ។

អត្ថបទដកស្រង់ចេញពី គេហទំព័រទូរទស្សន៍ជាតិកម្ពុជា

Swine Flu influenza A(H1N1) Virus

What is swine influenza?

Swine influenza (swine flu) is caused by type A influenza virus and gives pigs the flu. Swine flu viruses cause regular outbreaks of flu in pigs but death is infrequent. The viruses may circulate among pigs throughout the year, but most outbreaks occur during the late fall and winter months similar to outbreaks in humans. The classical swine flu virus (an influenza type A H1N1 virus) was first isolated from a pig in 1930.

How many swine flu viruses are there?

Like all flu viruses, swine flu viruses change constantly. Pigs can be infected by avian, human and swine influenza viruses. When influenza viruses from different species infect pigs, the viruses can reassort and new ones emerge that are a mix of swine, human and/or avian influenza viruses. Over the years, different variations of swine flu viruses have emerged. Right now, there are four main influenza type A virus subtypes that have been isolated in pigs: H1N1, H1N2, H3N2, and H3N1. However, most of the recently isolated influenza viruses from pigs have been H1N1 viruses.
Can humans catch swine flu?

Swine flu viruses do not normally infect humans. However, sporadic human infections with swine flu have occurred. Most commonly, these cases occur in persons with direct exposure to pigs, such as children near pigs at a fair or workers in the swine industry.

There have been documented cases of one person spreading swine flu to others. In 1988, an outbreak of apparent swine flu infection in pigs in Wisconsin resulted in multiple human infections, and although no community outbreak resulted, there was antibody evidence of virus transmission from the patient to health care workers who had close contact with the patient.
How common is swine flu infection in humans?

In the past, the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention received reports of about one human swine flu virus infection every one to two years in the U.S., but from December 2005 through February 2009, 12 cases of human infection with swine flu have been reported. Five of the 12 cases occurred in patients who had direct exposure to pigs, six in patients reported being near pigs, and the exposure in one case was unknown.
What are the symptoms of swine flu in humans?

The symptoms of swine flu in people are expected to be similar to the symptoms of regular human seasonal influenza and include fever, lethargy, lack of appetite and coughing. Some people with swine flu also have reported runny nose, sore throat, nausea, vomiting and diarrhea.
Can people catch swine flu from eating pork?

No. Swine flu viruses are not transmitted by food. You cannot get swine flu from eating pork or pork products.
How does swine flu spread?

Influenza viruses can be directly transmitted from pigs to people and from people to pigs. Human infection with swine flu viruses are most likely to occur when people are in close proximity to infected pigs, such as in pig barns and livestock exhibits at fairs.

Human-to-human transmission of swine flu can also occur. This is thought to occur in the same way as seasonal flu occurs in people, which is mainly person-to-person transmission through coughing or sneezing of people infected with the flu virus. People may become infected by touching something with flu viruses on it and then touching their mouth or nose.
What is known about human-to-human spread of swine flu?

In September 1988, a healthy 32-year-old pregnant woman was hospitalized for pneumonia and died eight days later. A swine H1N1 flu virus was detected. Four days before getting sick, she had visited a county fair swine exhibition where there was widespread flu-like illness among the pigs.

In follow-up studies, 76 per cent of swine exhibitors tested had antibody evidence of swine flu infection but no serious illnesses were detected among this group. Additional studies suggest that one to three health care personnel who had contact with the patient developed mild influenza-like illnesses with antibody evidence of swine flu infection.
How are human infections with swine flu diagnosed?

To diagnose swine influenza A infection, a respiratory specimen is ideally collected within the first four to five days of illness and sent to the CDC for testing.
What medications are available to treat humans with swine flu?

Four antiviral drugs are licensed for use in the United States: amantadine, rimantadine, oseltamivir and zanamivir. While most swine flu viruses have been susceptible to all four drugs, the most recent seven swine flu viruses isolated from humans are resistant to amantadine and rimantadine. Right now, the CDC recommends oseltamivir or zanamivir for the treatment and/or prevention of infection with swine flu viruses.
What other examples of swine flu outbreaks are there?

The most well known outbreak of swine flu was 1976 one among soldiers in Fort Dix, N.J. The virus caused illnesses in at least four soldiers and one death; all were previously healthy. The virus was transmitted in close contact at a basic training camp. It was thought to have circulated for a month and disappeared. The source of the virus, the exact time of its introduction into Fort Dix and factors limiting its spread and duration are unknown. The outbreak may have been caused by introduction of an animal virus into a stressed human population in close contact during the winter.

Source: U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

http://www.cbc.ca/health/story/2009/04/24/f-swineflu-faq.html